Acylation stimulating protein
Complement 3 (C3) through its interaction with factors B and D (adipsine) generates C3a. In human body, C3a is rapidily cleaved by carboxypeptidase B or carbxyopeptidase N that remove the carboxyl-terminal arginine to generate C3adesArg.[1] Thus, most of plasmatic C3a is present in C3adesArg form. C3adesArg is more commonly named ASP or acylation-stimulating-protein due to its marked stimulating action on triacylglycerol synthesis in human adipocytes and skin fibroblasts.[2] ASP is also known for its augmentation of glucose transport and inhibiting action on hormone-sensitive lipase. Because of these actions, it is linked to the pathogenesis of obesity.[3] ASP has also been demonstrated to be present at increased levels in patients with obesity,[4] type II diabetes melitus[5] and coronary artery disease.[6]
ASP ligate a specific receptor named C5L2 which is coupled with a G-protein.[7]
References
Journals
- Baldo, A; Sniderman, A D; St-Luce, S; Avramoglu, R K; Maslowska, M; Hoang, B; Monge, J C; Bell, A et al. (1993). "The adipsin-acylation stimulating protein system and regulation of intracellular triglyceride synthesis". Journal of Clinical Investigation 92 (3). doi:10.1172/JCI116733. PMC 288301. PMID 8376604. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=288301.
- Cianflone, Katherine M.; Sniderman, Allan D.; Walsh, Mark J.; Vu, Hai T.; Gagnon, Jean; Rodriguez, Miguel A. (1989). "Purification and Characterization of Acylation Stimulating Protein". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 264 (1). PMID 2909530. http://www.jbc.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=2909530.
- Sniderman, Allan D.; Maslowska, Magdalena; Cianflone, Katherine (2000). "Of mice and men (and women) and the acylation-stimulating protein pathway". Current Opinion in Lipidology 11 (3). doi:10.1097/00041433-200006000-00010. PMID 10882345.
- Maslowska, M; Vu, H; Phelis, S; Sniderman, AD; Rhode, BM; Blank, D; Cianflone, K (1999). "Plasma acylation stimulating protein, adipsin and lipids in non-obese and obese populations". European Journal of Clinical Investigation 29 (8). doi:10.1046/j.1365-2362.1999.00514.x. PMID 10457151.
- Koistinen, Heikki A.; Vidal, Hubert; Karonen, Sirkka-Liisa; Dusserre, Eric; Vallier, Paulette; Koivisto, Veikko A.; Ebeling, Pertti (2001). "Plasma Acylation Stimulating Protein Concentration and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue C3 mRNA Expression in Nondiabetic and Type 2 Diabetic Men". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 21 (6). PMID 11397716. http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11397716.
- Cianflone, K; Zhang, XJ; Genest Jr, J; Sniderman, A (1997). "Plasma acylation-stimulating protein in coronary artery disease". Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 17 (7). PMID 9261252.
- Cui, Wei; Lapointe, Marc; Gauvreau, Danny; Kalant, David; Cianflone, Katherine (2009). "Recombinant C3adesArg/acylation stimulating protein (ASP) is highly bioactive: A critical evaluation of C5L2 binding and 3T3-L1 adipocyte activation". Molecular Immunology 46 (16). doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2009.08.013. PMID 19767107.